Grammar: Conjunction

Conjunction একটি part of speech যা sentence এ বিভিন্ন words, phrases, বা clauses যুক্ত করতে ব্যবহৃত হয়।

The conjunction is a part of speech used to join words, phrases or clauses in a certain sentence. Such as and, or, otherwise, but, unless, since, although, etc.

Example:

• Listening to music and singing songs are my hobbies.
• The postman is poor, but he never shirks his duty.
• You must study regularly or/otherwise, you will not pass the exam.

Classification of Conjunctions:

There are mainly three types of conjunctions.

Conjunction প্রধানতঃ তিন প্রকারের হয় ।

1. Coordinating conjunction
2. Subordinating conjunction
3. Correlative conjunction

These are discussed below.

Coordinating conjunction:

যে conjunction একইরকম ব্যাকরণগত কাঠামো সম্পন্ন words, phrases or clauses যুক্ত করে তাকে coordinating conjunction বলে । একে coordinator ও বলা হয় ।

The conjunction which joins words, phrases or clauses having the same grammatical structure is called coordinating conjunction. It is also called a coordinator, such as and, or, but, nor, for, yet, so, etc.

Examples:

• I will buy a pen and a book. (Joining two words)
• You can find him in the library or in the classroom. (Joining two phrases)
• She is poor, yet she is happy. (Joining two clauses)

Subordinating Conjunction:

যে conjunction একটি subordinate/dependent clause কে একটি main/independent clause এর সাথে যুক্ত করে তাকে subordinating conjunction বলে ।

The conjunction which joins a subordinate/dependent clause with a main/independent clause is called subordinating conjunction. It is also called a subordinator, such as since, once, till, when, where, although, after, no matter how, while, provided that, etc.

Examples:

• We went to the garden where we saw different kinds of roses.
• Although she was ill, she came to the class.
• You will get a chance to play on the team provided that you practice hard.

Correlative Conjunction:

জোড়া শব্দ যেগুলো বিপরীতার্থক বা পরিপূরক সম্পর্কযুক্ত words, phrases বা clauses কে যুক্ত করে তাদেরকে correlative conjunctionবলে।

Paired words joining words, phrases or clauses having a reciprocal or complementary relationship are called correlative conjunctions.

Whether…or, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, both…and, are some common correlative conjunctions.

Examples:

• I will travel either by bus or by air.
• Neither you nor I will go there.
• Both red and green are my favorite colors.
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